Documentation

Mathlib.AlgebraicGeometry.ProjectiveSpectrum.StructureSheaf

The structure sheaf on ProjectiveSpectrum ๐’œ. #

In Mathlib/AlgebraicGeometry/Topology.lean, we have given a topology on ProjectiveSpectrum ๐’œ; in this file we will construct a sheaf on ProjectiveSpectrum ๐’œ.

Notation #

Main definitions and results #

We define the structure sheaf as the subsheaf of all dependent function f : ฮ  x : U, HomogeneousLocalization ๐’œ x such that f is locally expressible as ratio of two elements of the same grading, i.e. โˆ€ y โˆˆ U, โˆƒ (V โІ U) (i : โ„•) (a b โˆˆ ๐’œ i), โˆ€ z โˆˆ V, f z = a / b.

Then we establish that Proj ๐’œ is a LocallyRingedSpace:

References #

def AlgebraicGeometry.ProjectiveSpectrum.StructureSheaf.IsFraction {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] {๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A} [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] {U : TopologicalSpace.Opens โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ)} (f : (x : โ†ฅU) โ†’ HomogeneousLocalization.AtPrime ๐’œ (โ†‘x).asHomogeneousIdeal.toIdeal) :

The predicate saying that a dependent function on an open U is realised as a fixed fraction r / s of same grading in each of the stalks (which are localizations at various prime ideals).

Equations
    Instances For

      The predicate IsFraction is "prelocal", in the sense that if it holds on U it holds on any open subset V of U.

      Equations
        Instances For

          We will define the structure sheaf as the subsheaf of all dependent functions in ฮ  x : U, HomogeneousLocalization ๐’œ x consisting of those functions which can locally be expressed as a ratio of A of same grading.

          Equations
            Instances For
              theorem AlgebraicGeometry.ProjectiveSpectrum.StructureSheaf.SectionSubring.add_mem' {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] {๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A} [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] (U : (TopologicalSpace.Opens โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ))แต’แต–) (a b : (x : โ†ฅ(Opposite.unop U)) โ†’ HomogeneousLocalization.AtPrime ๐’œ (โ†‘x).asHomogeneousIdeal.toIdeal) (ha : (isLocallyFraction ๐’œ).pred a) (hb : (isLocallyFraction ๐’œ).pred b) :
              (isLocallyFraction ๐’œ).pred (a + b)
              theorem AlgebraicGeometry.ProjectiveSpectrum.StructureSheaf.SectionSubring.neg_mem' {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] {๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A} [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] (U : (TopologicalSpace.Opens โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ))แต’แต–) (a : (x : โ†ฅ(Opposite.unop U)) โ†’ HomogeneousLocalization.AtPrime ๐’œ (โ†‘x).asHomogeneousIdeal.toIdeal) (ha : (isLocallyFraction ๐’œ).pred a) :
              (isLocallyFraction ๐’œ).pred (-a)
              theorem AlgebraicGeometry.ProjectiveSpectrum.StructureSheaf.SectionSubring.mul_mem' {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] {๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A} [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] (U : (TopologicalSpace.Opens โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ))แต’แต–) (a b : (x : โ†ฅ(Opposite.unop U)) โ†’ HomogeneousLocalization.AtPrime ๐’œ (โ†‘x).asHomogeneousIdeal.toIdeal) (ha : (isLocallyFraction ๐’œ).pred a) (hb : (isLocallyFraction ๐’œ).pred b) :
              (isLocallyFraction ๐’œ).pred (a * b)

              The functions satisfying isLocallyFraction form a subring of all dependent functions ฮ  x : U, HomogeneousLocalization ๐’œ x.

              Equations
                Instances For

                  The structure sheaf (valued in Type, not yet CommRing) is the subsheaf consisting of functions satisfying isLocallyFraction.

                  Equations
                    Instances For

                      The structure presheaf, valued in CommRing, constructed by dressing up the Type valued structure presheaf.

                      Equations
                        Instances For

                          Some glue, verifying that the structure presheaf valued in CommRing agrees with the Type valued structure presheaf.

                          Equations
                            Instances For

                              The structure sheaf on Proj ๐’œ, valued in CommRing.

                              Equations
                                Instances For
                                  @[simp]
                                  theorem AlgebraicGeometry.Proj.res_apply {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] (๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A) [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] {U V : (TopologicalSpace.Opens โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ))แต’แต–} (i : V โŸถ U) (s : โ†‘((ProjectiveSpectrum.Proj.structureSheaf ๐’œ).val.obj V)) (x : โ†ฅ(Opposite.unop U)) :
                                  theorem AlgebraicGeometry.Proj.ext {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] (๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A) [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] {V : (TopologicalSpace.Opens โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ))แต’แต–} (s t : โ†‘((ProjectiveSpectrum.Proj.structureSheaf ๐’œ).val.obj V)) (h : โ†‘s = โ†‘t) :
                                  s = t
                                  theorem AlgebraicGeometry.Proj.ext_iff {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] {๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A} [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] {V : (TopologicalSpace.Opens โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ))แต’แต–} {s t : โ†‘((ProjectiveSpectrum.Proj.structureSheaf ๐’œ).val.obj V)} :
                                  s = t โ†” โ†‘s = โ†‘t
                                  @[simp]
                                  theorem AlgebraicGeometry.Proj.add_apply {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] (๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A) [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] {V : (TopologicalSpace.Opens โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ))แต’แต–} (s t : โ†‘((ProjectiveSpectrum.Proj.structureSheaf ๐’œ).val.obj V)) (x : โ†ฅ(Opposite.unop V)) :
                                  โ†‘(s + t) x = โ†‘s x + โ†‘t x
                                  @[simp]
                                  theorem AlgebraicGeometry.Proj.mul_apply {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] (๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A) [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] {V : (TopologicalSpace.Opens โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ))แต’แต–} (s t : โ†‘((ProjectiveSpectrum.Proj.structureSheaf ๐’œ).val.obj V)) (x : โ†ฅ(Opposite.unop V)) :
                                  โ†‘(s * t) x = โ†‘s x * โ†‘t x
                                  @[simp]
                                  theorem AlgebraicGeometry.Proj.sub_apply {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] (๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A) [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] {V : (TopologicalSpace.Opens โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ))แต’แต–} (s t : โ†‘((ProjectiveSpectrum.Proj.structureSheaf ๐’œ).val.obj V)) (x : โ†ฅ(Opposite.unop V)) :
                                  โ†‘(s - t) x = โ†‘s x - โ†‘t x
                                  @[simp]
                                  theorem AlgebraicGeometry.Proj.pow_apply {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] (๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A) [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] {V : (TopologicalSpace.Opens โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ))แต’แต–} (s : โ†‘((ProjectiveSpectrum.Proj.structureSheaf ๐’œ).val.obj V)) (x : โ†ฅ(Opposite.unop V)) (n : โ„•) :
                                  โ†‘(s ^ n) x = โ†‘s x ^ n
                                  @[simp]
                                  theorem AlgebraicGeometry.Proj.zero_apply {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] (๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A) [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] {V : (TopologicalSpace.Opens โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ))แต’แต–} (x : โ†ฅ(Opposite.unop V)) :
                                  โ†‘0 x = 0
                                  @[simp]
                                  theorem AlgebraicGeometry.Proj.one_apply {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] (๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A) [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] {V : (TopologicalSpace.Opens โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ))แต’แต–} (x : โ†ฅ(Opposite.unop V)) :
                                  โ†‘1 x = 1
                                  def AlgebraicGeometry.Proj.toSheafedSpace {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] (๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A) [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] :

                                  Proj of a graded ring as a SheafedSpace

                                  Equations
                                    Instances For

                                      The ring homomorphism that takes a section of the structure sheaf of Proj on the open set U, implemented as a subtype of dependent functions to localizations at homogeneous prime ideals, and evaluates the section on the point corresponding to a given homogeneous prime ideal.

                                      Equations
                                        Instances For

                                          The ring homomorphism from the stalk of the structure sheaf of Proj at a point corresponding to a homogeneous prime ideal x to the homogeneous localization at x, formed by gluing the openToLocalization maps.

                                          Equations
                                            Instances For
                                              @[simp]
                                              theorem AlgebraicGeometry.germ_comp_stalkToFiberRingHom {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] (๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A) [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] (U : TopologicalSpace.Opens โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ)) (x : โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ)) (hx : x โˆˆ U) :
                                              @[simp]
                                              theorem AlgebraicGeometry.mem_basicOpen_den {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] (๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A) [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] (x : โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ)) (f : HomogeneousLocalization.NumDenSameDeg ๐’œ x.asHomogeneousIdeal.toIdeal.primeCompl) :

                                              Given a point x corresponding to a homogeneous prime ideal, there is a (dependent) function such that, for any f in the homogeneous localization at x, it returns the obvious section in the basic open set D(f.den).

                                              Equations
                                                Instances For
                                                  def AlgebraicGeometry.homogeneousLocalizationToStalk {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] (๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A) [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] (x : โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ)) (y : HomogeneousLocalization.AtPrime ๐’œ x.asHomogeneousIdeal.toIdeal) :

                                                  Given any point x and f in the homogeneous localization at x, there is an element in the stalk at x obtained by sectionInBasicOpen. This is the inverse of stalkToFiberRingHom.

                                                  Equations
                                                    Instances For

                                                      Using homogeneousLocalizationToStalk, we construct a ring isomorphism between stalk at x and homogeneous localization at x for any point x in Proj.

                                                      Equations
                                                        Instances For
                                                          @[simp]
                                                          theorem AlgebraicGeometry.Proj.stalkIso'_germ {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] (๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A) [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] (U : TopologicalSpace.Opens โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ)) (x : โ†‘(ProjectiveSpectrum.top ๐’œ)) (hx : x โˆˆ U) (s : โ†‘((ProjectiveSpectrum.Proj.structureSheaf ๐’œ).val.obj (Opposite.op U))) :
                                                          def AlgebraicGeometry.Proj.toLocallyRingedSpace {R : Type u_1} {A : Type u_2} [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Algebra R A] (๐’œ : โ„• โ†’ Submodule R A) [GradedAlgebra ๐’œ] :

                                                          Proj of a graded ring as a LocallyRingedSpace

                                                          Equations
                                                            Instances For