Documentation

Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Localization.CalculusOfFractions

Calculus of fractions #

Following the definitions by [Gabriel and Zisman][gabriel-zisman-1967], given a morphism property W : MorphismProperty C on a category C, we introduce the class W.HasLeftCalculusOfFractions. The main result Localization.exists_leftFraction is that if L : C ⥤ D is a localization functor for W, then for any morphism L.obj X ⟶ L.obj Y in D, there exists an auxiliary object Y' : C and morphisms g : X ⟶ Y' and s : Y ⟶ Y', with W s, such that the given morphism is a sort of fraction g / s, or more precisely of the form L.map g ≫ (Localization.isoOfHom L W s hs).inv. We also show that the functor L.mapArrow : Arrow C ⥤ Arrow D is essentially surjective.

Similar results are obtained when W has a right calculus of fractions.

References #

structure CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] (W : MorphismProperty C) (X Y : C) :
Type (max u_1 u_3)

A left fraction from X : C to Y : C for W : MorphismProperty C consists of the datum of an object Y' : C and maps f : X ⟶ Y' and s : Y ⟶ Y' such that W s.

  • Y' : C

    the auxiliary object of a left fraction

  • f : X self.Y'

    the numerator of a left fraction

  • s : Y self.Y'

    the denominator of a left fraction

  • hs : W self.s

    the condition that the denominator belongs to the given morphism property

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    The left fraction from X to Y given by a morphism f : X ⟶ Y.

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        The left fraction from X to Y given by a morphism s : Y ⟶ X such that W s.

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            @[simp]
            theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.ofInv_s {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (s : Y X) (hs : W s) :
            (ofInv s hs).s = s
            @[simp]
            theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.ofInv_Y' {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (s : Y X) (hs : W s) :
            (ofInv s hs).Y' = X
            @[simp]
            theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.ofInv_f {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (s : Y X) (hs : W s) :
            noncomputable def CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.map {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (φ : W.LeftFraction X Y) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) :
            L.obj X L.obj Y

            If φ : W.LeftFraction X Y and L is a functor which inverts W, this is the induced morphism L.obj X ⟶ L.obj Y

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                @[simp]
                theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.map_comp_map_s {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (φ : W.LeftFraction X Y) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) :
                CategoryStruct.comp (φ.map L hL) (L.map φ.s) = L.map φ.f
                @[simp]
                theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.map_comp_map_s_assoc {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (φ : W.LeftFraction X Y) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) {Z : D} (h : L.obj φ.Y' Z) :
                theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.map_ofHom {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] (W : MorphismProperty C) {X Y : C} (f : X Y) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) [W.ContainsIdentities] :
                (ofHom W f).map L hL = L.map f
                @[simp]
                theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.map_ofInv_hom_id {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] (W : MorphismProperty C) {X Y : C} (s : Y X) (hs : W s) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) :
                @[simp]
                theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.map_ofInv_hom_id_assoc {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] (W : MorphismProperty C) {X Y : C} (s : Y X) (hs : W s) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) {Z : D} (h : L.obj X Z) :
                @[simp]
                theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.map_hom_ofInv_id {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] (W : MorphismProperty C) {X Y : C} (s : Y X) (hs : W s) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) :
                @[simp]
                theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.map_hom_ofInv_id_assoc {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] (W : MorphismProperty C) {X Y : C} (s : Y X) (hs : W s) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) {Z : D} (h : L.obj Y Z) :
                theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.cases {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (α : W.LeftFraction X Y) :
                ∃ (Y' : C) (f : X Y') (s : Y Y') (hs : W s), α = { Y' := Y', f := f, s := s, hs := hs }
                structure CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.RightFraction {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] (W : MorphismProperty C) (X Y : C) :
                Type (max u_1 u_3)

                A right fraction from X : C to Y : C for W : MorphismProperty C consists of the datum of an object X' : C and maps s : X' ⟶ X and f : X' ⟶ Y such that W s.

                • X' : C

                  the auxiliary object of a right fraction

                • s : self.X' X

                  the denominator of a right fraction

                • hs : W self.s

                  the condition that the denominator belongs to the given morphism property

                • f : self.X' Y

                  the numerator of a right fraction

                Instances For

                  The right fraction from X to Y given by a morphism f : X ⟶ Y.

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                      The right fraction from X to Y given by a morphism s : Y ⟶ X such that W s.

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                          @[simp]
                          theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.RightFraction.ofInv_s {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (s : Y X) (hs : W s) :
                          (ofInv s hs).s = s
                          @[simp]
                          theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.RightFraction.ofInv_X' {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (s : Y X) (hs : W s) :
                          (ofInv s hs).X' = Y
                          @[simp]
                          noncomputable def CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.RightFraction.map {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (φ : W.RightFraction X Y) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) :
                          L.obj X L.obj Y

                          If φ : W.RightFraction X Y and L is a functor which inverts W, this is the induced morphism L.obj X ⟶ L.obj Y

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                              theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.RightFraction.map_s_comp_map {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (φ : W.RightFraction X Y) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) :
                              CategoryStruct.comp (L.map φ.s) (φ.map L hL) = L.map φ.f
                              @[simp]
                              theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.RightFraction.map_s_comp_map_assoc {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (φ : W.RightFraction X Y) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) {Z : D} (h : L.obj Y Z) :
                              @[simp]
                              theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.RightFraction.map_ofHom {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] (W : MorphismProperty C) {X Y : C} (f : X Y) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) [W.ContainsIdentities] :
                              (ofHom W f).map L hL = L.map f
                              @[simp]
                              theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.RightFraction.map_ofInv_hom_id {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] (W : MorphismProperty C) {X Y : C} (s : Y X) (hs : W s) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) :
                              @[simp]
                              theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.RightFraction.map_ofInv_hom_id_assoc {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] (W : MorphismProperty C) {X Y : C} (s : Y X) (hs : W s) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) {Z : D} (h : L.obj X Z) :
                              @[simp]
                              theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.RightFraction.map_hom_ofInv_id {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] (W : MorphismProperty C) {X Y : C} (s : Y X) (hs : W s) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) :
                              @[simp]
                              theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.RightFraction.map_hom_ofInv_id_assoc {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] (W : MorphismProperty C) {X Y : C} (s : Y X) (hs : W s) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) {Z : D} (h : L.obj Y Z) :
                              theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.RightFraction.cases {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (α : W.RightFraction X Y) :
                              ∃ (X' : C) (s : X' X) (hs : W s) (f : X' Y), α = { X' := X', s := s, hs := hs, f := f }

                              A multiplicative morphism property W has left calculus of fractions if any right fraction can be turned into a left fraction and that two morphisms that can be equalized by precomposition with a morphism in W can also be equalized by postcomposition with a morphism in W.

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                                A multiplicative morphism property W has right calculus of fractions if any left fraction can be turned into a right fraction and that two morphisms that can be equalized by postcomposition with a morphism in W can also be equalized by precomposition with a morphism in W.

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                                  A choice of a left fraction deduced from a right fraction for a morphism property W when W has left calculus of fractions.

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                                      A choice of a right fraction deduced from a left fraction for a morphism property W when W has right calculus of fractions.

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                                          The equivalence relation on left fractions for a morphism property W.

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                                              theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFractionRel.symm {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} {z₁ z₂ : W.LeftFraction X Y} (h : LeftFractionRel z₁ z₂) :
                                              LeftFractionRel z₂ z₁
                                              theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFractionRel.trans {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} {z₁ z₂ z₃ : W.LeftFraction X Y} [W.HasLeftCalculusOfFractions] (h₁₂ : LeftFractionRel z₁ z₂) (h₂₃ : LeftFractionRel z₂ z₃) :
                                              LeftFractionRel z₁ z₃

                                              Auxiliary definition for the composition of left fractions.

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                                                  theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.comp₀_rel {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} [W.HasLeftCalculusOfFractions] {X Y Z : C} (z₁ : W.LeftFraction X Y) (z₂ : W.LeftFraction Y Z) (z₃ z₃' : W.LeftFraction z₁.Y' z₂.Y') (h₃ : CategoryStruct.comp z₂.f z₃.s = CategoryStruct.comp z₁.s z₃.f) (h₃' : CategoryStruct.comp z₂.f z₃'.s = CategoryStruct.comp z₁.s z₃'.f) :
                                                  LeftFractionRel (z₁.comp₀ z₂ z₃) (z₁.comp₀ z₂ z₃')

                                                  The equivalence class of z₁.comp₀ z₂ z₃ does not depend on the choice of z₃ provided they satisfy the compatibility z₂.f ≫ z₃.s = z₁.s ≫ z₃.f.

                                                  The morphisms in the constructed localized category for a morphism property W that has left calculus of fractions are equivalence classes of left fractions.

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                                                      The morphism in the constructed localized category that is induced by a left fraction.

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                                                          Auxiliary definition towards the definition of the composition of morphisms in the constructed localized category for a morphism property that has left calculus of fractions.

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                                                              theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.comp_eq {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} [W.HasLeftCalculusOfFractions] {X Y Z : C} (z₁ : W.LeftFraction X Y) (z₂ : W.LeftFraction Y Z) (z₃ : W.LeftFraction z₁.Y' z₂.Y') (h₃ : CategoryStruct.comp z₂.f z₃.s = CategoryStruct.comp z₁.s z₃.f) :
                                                              z₁.comp z₂ = Localization.Hom.mk (z₁.comp₀ z₂ z₃)
                                                              noncomputable def CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.Localization.Hom.comp {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} [W.HasLeftCalculusOfFractions] {X Y Z : C} (z₁ : Hom W X Y) (z₂ : Hom W Y Z) :
                                                              Hom W X Z

                                                              Composition of morphisms in the constructed localized category for a morphism property that has left calculus of fractions.

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                                                                  The constructed localized category for a morphism property that has left calculus of fractions.

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                                                                      The localization functor to the constructed localized category for a morphism property that has left calculus of fractions.

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                                                                          @[reducible, inline]

                                                                          The morphism on Localization W that is induced by a left fraction.

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                                                                              theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.Localization.homMk_comp_homMk {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} [W.HasLeftCalculusOfFractions] {X Y Z : C} (z₁ : W.LeftFraction X Y) (z₂ : W.LeftFraction Y Z) (z₃ : W.LeftFraction z₁.Y' z₂.Y') (h₃ : CategoryStruct.comp z₂.f z₃.s = CategoryStruct.comp z₁.s z₃.f) :
                                                                              CategoryStruct.comp (homMk z₁) (homMk z₂) = homMk (z₁.comp₀ z₂ z₃)
                                                                              noncomputable def CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.Localization.Qinv {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} [W.HasLeftCalculusOfFractions] {X Y : C} (s : X Y) (hs : W s) :
                                                                              (Q W).obj Y (Q W).obj X

                                                                              The morphism in Localization W that is the formal inverse of a morphism which belongs to W.

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                                                                                  theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.Localization.Q_map_comp_Qinv {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} [W.HasLeftCalculusOfFractions] {X Y Y' : C} (f : X Y') (s : Y Y') (hs : W s) :
                                                                                  CategoryStruct.comp ((Q W).map f) (Qinv s hs) = homMk { Y' := Y', f := f, s := s, hs := hs }
                                                                                  noncomputable def CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.Localization.Qiso {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} [W.HasLeftCalculusOfFractions] {X Y : C} (s : X Y) (hs : W s) :
                                                                                  (Q W).obj X (Q W).obj Y

                                                                                  The isomorphism in Localization W that is induced by a morphism in W.

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                                                                                      noncomputable def CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.Localization.Hom.map {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_4, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} {E : Type u_3} [Category.{u_5, u_3} E] {X Y : C} (f : Hom W X Y) (F : Functor C E) (hF : W.IsInvertedBy F) :
                                                                                      F.obj X F.obj Y

                                                                                      The image by a functor which inverts W of an equivalence class of left fractions.

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                                                                                          @[simp]
                                                                                          theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.Localization.Hom.map_mk {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_4, u_1} C] {E : Type u_3} [Category.{u_5, u_3} E] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (f : W.LeftFraction X Y) (F : Functor C E) (hF : W.IsInvertedBy F) :
                                                                                          (mk f).map F hF = f.map F hF

                                                                                          The functor Localization W ⥤ E that is induced by a functor C ⥤ E which inverts W, when W has a left calculus of fractions.

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                                                                                              The universal property of the localization for the constructed localized category when there is a left calculus of fractions.

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                                                                                                  theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.map_compatibility {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_4, u_1} C] [Category.{u_6, u_2} D] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (φ : W.LeftFraction X Y) {E : Type u_3} [Category.{u_5, u_3} E] (L₁ : Functor C D) (L₂ : Functor C E) [L₁.IsLocalization W] [L₂.IsLocalization W] :
                                                                                                  theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.map_eq_of_map_eq {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_4, u_1} C] [Category.{u_6, u_2} D] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (φ₁ φ₂ : W.LeftFraction X Y) {E : Type u_3} [Category.{u_5, u_3} E] (L₁ : Functor C D) (L₂ : Functor C E) [L₁.IsLocalization W] [L₂.IsLocalization W] (h : φ₁.map L₁ = φ₂.map L₁ ) :
                                                                                                  φ₁.map L₂ = φ₂.map L₂
                                                                                                  theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.map_comp_map_eq_map {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] {W : MorphismProperty C} [W.HasLeftCalculusOfFractions] {X Y Z : C} (z₁ : W.LeftFraction X Y) (z₂ : W.LeftFraction Y Z) (z₃ : W.LeftFraction z₁.Y' z₂.Y') (h₃ : CategoryStruct.comp z₂.f z₃.s = CategoryStruct.comp z₁.s z₃.f) (L : Functor C D) [L.IsLocalization W] :
                                                                                                  CategoryStruct.comp (z₁.map L ) (z₂.map L ) = (z₁.comp₀ z₂ z₃).map L
                                                                                                  theorem CategoryTheory.Localization.exists_leftFraction {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_4, u_1} C] [Category.{u_3, u_2} D] (L : Functor C D) (W : MorphismProperty C) [L.IsLocalization W] [W.HasLeftCalculusOfFractions] {X Y : C} (f : L.obj X L.obj Y) :
                                                                                                  ∃ (φ : W.LeftFraction X Y), f = φ.map L
                                                                                                  theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.map_eq_iff_postcomp {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] (L : Functor C D) (W : MorphismProperty C) [L.IsLocalization W] [W.HasLeftCalculusOfFractions] {X Y : C} (f₁ f₂ : X Y) :
                                                                                                  L.map f₁ = L.map f₂ ∃ (Z : C) (s : Y Z) (_ : W s), CategoryStruct.comp f₁ s = CategoryStruct.comp f₂ s

                                                                                                  The right fraction in the opposite category corresponding to a left fraction.

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                                                                                                      The left fraction in the opposite category corresponding to a right fraction.

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                                                                                                          The right fraction corresponding to a left fraction in the opposite category.

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                                                                                                              The left fraction corresponding to a right fraction in the opposite category.

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                                                                                                                  theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.RightFraction.op_map {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (φ : W.RightFraction X Y) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) :
                                                                                                                  (φ.map L hL).op = φ.op.map L.op
                                                                                                                  theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFraction.op_map {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} (φ : W.LeftFraction X Y) (L : Functor C D) (hL : W.IsInvertedBy L) :
                                                                                                                  (φ.map L hL).op = φ.op.map L.op

                                                                                                                  The equivalence relation on right fractions for a morphism property W.

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                                                                                                                      theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.LeftFractionRel.op {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} {z₁ z₂ : W.LeftFraction X Y} (h : LeftFractionRel z₁ z₂) :
                                                                                                                      theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.RightFractionRel.trans {C : Type u_1} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] {W : MorphismProperty C} {X Y : C} {z₁ z₂ z₃ : W.RightFraction X Y} [W.HasRightCalculusOfFractions] (h₁₂ : RightFractionRel z₁ z₂) (h₂₃ : RightFractionRel z₂ z₃) :
                                                                                                                      theorem CategoryTheory.Localization.exists_rightFraction {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_4, u_1} C] [Category.{u_3, u_2} D] (L : Functor C D) (W : MorphismProperty C) [L.IsLocalization W] [W.HasRightCalculusOfFractions] {X Y : C} (f : L.obj X L.obj Y) :
                                                                                                                      ∃ (φ : W.RightFraction X Y), f = φ.map L
                                                                                                                      theorem CategoryTheory.MorphismProperty.map_eq_iff_precomp {C : Type u_1} {D : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Category.{u_4, u_2} D] (L : Functor C D) (W : MorphismProperty C) [L.IsLocalization W] [W.HasRightCalculusOfFractions] {Y Z : C} (f₁ f₂ : Y Z) :
                                                                                                                      L.map f₁ = L.map f₂ ∃ (X : C) (s : X Y) (_ : W s), CategoryStruct.comp s f₁ = CategoryStruct.comp s f₂